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Can optical modules be completely domestically produced

Yes, optical modules can be produced domestically, and significant progress has been made in localizing both low-speed and high-speed optical module technologies.

Feasibility and Motivation

Domestic production of optical modules has become a strategic priority for countries aiming to reduce reliance on imported components, particularly for data centers, telecom networks, and high-performance computing (HPC) applications. Optical modules rely on critical chips such as lasers, modulators, photodetectors, driver ICs, TIAs, and DSP ICs, which determine performance, reliability, and efficiency. Producing these components domestically enhances supply chain security, lowers costs, and fosters technological sovereignty, enabling local innovation in high-speed optical transmission and modulation technologies (Weyland).

Technological Progress

Domestic manufacturers have achieved substantial breakthroughs across different speeds and form factors. For low-speed optical chips (2. 5G/10G), localization rates have reached 90% and 60%, respectively, while high-speed modules such as 100G QSFP28 ZR4 and 25G SFP28 BIDI 80km have been successfully developed with performance comparable to international standards.

These modules support advanced features like wavelength division multiplexing and single-fiber bidirectional transmission, which are critical for 5G fronthaul networks and large-scale AI computing infrastructure (ETU-Link Technology).

Policy and Industrial Support

National policies actively support domestic production. Initiatives from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and regional programs encourage collaboration between industry, academia, and research institutions to develop high-end optical chips. Projects like "East Data West Computing" create strong demand for locally produced high-speed optical modules, further accelerating domestic adoption (X-Linkit).

Examples of Domestic Manufacturing

Several companies have successfully established domestic production lines for optical modules and related components. ETU-Link, for instance, has built a full production chain covering chip selection, module integration, and scenario adaptation, achieving high on-time delivery rates. Additionally, companies like SMI are supplying domestically made optical sensors to global semiconductor plants, demonstrating the capability to meet international quality standards (Chosun Biz).

AT&S has also advanced high-speed optical module PCB manufacturing, supporting 100G to 800G modules and conducting research on 1. 6T modules and Co-Packaged Optics (CPO) (AT&S).

Conclusion

Domestic production of optical modules is not only feasible but is actively being implemented with increasing technological sophistication. From low-speed to high-speed modules, domestic manufacturers are achieving performance comparable to global leaders, supported by policy incentives, industrial collaboration, and growing market demand. This trend enhances supply chain resilience, reduces dependency on imports, and positions domestic industries to innovate in next-generation optical communication technologies.

Can optical modules be completely domestically produced

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Technical note

This reference is intended for preliminary fiber and communications infrastructure research. Optical interface, fiber type, port or core capacity, electrical input and output, enclosure protection, cooling, installation limits and applicable standards must be verified for the specific project.

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