Classification Standards for Security Industrial Switches

Security industrial switches are classified based on functional safety (ISO 13849) and cybersecurity (IEC 62443) standards, ensuring reliable operation and protection against faults and cyber threats. Functional Safety Classification (ISO 13849)Industrial switches used in safety-critical applications are often evaluated under ISO 13849, which defines categories B, 1, 2, 3, and 4 based on their ability to resist faults and maintain safety when faults occur. Key points include: Category 2: Single-channel design with periodic testing; a failure between tests may compromise safety.

Category 3: Redundant channels allow the system to tolerate a single fault without losing the safety function. Mechanical interlocks wired in series can achieve this rating. Category 4: Highest reliability; redundant channels with continuous monitoring prevent unsafe operation even in the presence of multiple faults.

Selecting the appropriate category requires a risk assessment to identify hazards and determine the necessary safety integrity level. Cybersecurity Classification (IEC 62443)For industrial network security, switches are classified according to IEC 62443, which defines Security Levels (SLs 0–4) based on the sophistication and motivation of potential attackers: SL 0: No specific security requirements; vulnerable to casual or accidental events.

S

L 1: Protects against casual or opportunistic threats with basic authentication and role-based access control.

S

L 2: Defends against intentional attacks using simple means and low resources.

S

L 3: Protects against skilled attackers with moderate resources and specific knowledge; includes advanced monitoring and access controls.

S

L 4: Highest security, designed for critical systems targeted by highly capable adversaries, such as nation-states; requires comprehensive hardening, monitoring, and threat detection. Industrial switches certified to IEC 62443-4-2 meet functional security requirements for secure development and operation, ensuring protection against unauthorized access and cyber threats.

Integration of Safety and Security

Modern industrial switches often combine functional safety and cybersecurity features: Safety interlocks and redundant channels ensure physical safety in machinery operation.

IE

C 62443-compliant switches provide network security, including authentication, access control, and monitoring. Risk assessments guide the selection of both safety categories and security levels to match operational requirements and threat models.

Summary

When selecting security industrial switches: Assess functional safety needs using ISO 13849 categories to determine redundancy and fault tolerance. Evaluate cybersecurity requirements using IEC 62443 Security Levels to protect against potential cyber threats. Choose switches that meet both standards to ensure reliable, safe, and secure operation in industrial environments.

This dual approach ensures that industrial switches maintain operational integrity, protect personnel, and safeguard critical infrastructure.